A study has suggested that height, a marker of childhood environmental exposures, is positively associated with prostate cancer risk.
The highly respected database from the National Institutes of Health states that this is so perhaps through the insulin-like growth factor system.
The researchers came up with the verdict after investigating the relationship of prostate cancer with height and its components (leg and trunk length) in a nested case-control study and with height in a dose-response meta-analysis.
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Research lead, Luisa Zuccolo, of the Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom, states that, “A growing body of evidence indicates that greater height — a marker of diet and health throughout the growing years — is positively associated with prostate cancer risk.”
The large nested case-control study is published in the Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev.
According to the authors, the nested case-control study was done within a population-based randomised controlled trial evaluating treatments for localised prostate cancer in British men ages 50 to 69 years, including 1,357 cases detected through prostate-specific antigen testing and 7,990 controls (matched on age, general practice, assessment date).
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Nine bibliographic databases were also searched systematically for studies on the height-prostate cancer association that were pooled in a meta-analysis, the researchers said.
“There was stronger evidence of an association of height with high-grade prostate cancer, mainly due to the leg component, but not with the low-grade disease.
“In general, associations with leg or trunk length were similar. A meta-analysis of 58 studies found evidence that height is positively associated with prostate cancer, with a stronger effect for prospective studies of more advanced/aggressive cancers,” the study added.
The authors said the most plausible biological mechanism for the association of height with prostate cancer is that involving insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels in childhood, of which height is a marker.
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“In turn, IGF-I levels in adulthood are positively associated with prostate cancer,” they submitted.
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