Ghana Reports Suspected Cases Of Marburg Virus Illness

According to the World Health Organization, Ghana has reported two possible cases of Marburg virus, a highly contagious disease in the same family as the virus that causes Ebola.

Preliminary investigation of samples taken from two patients by the country’s Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research revealed that the cases were Marburg positive. The samples, however, were transferred to the Institut Pasteur in Senegal, a World Health Organization Collaborating Centre, for confirmation in accordance with regular protocol.

According to the WHO, the two patients from the southern Ashanti region – both deceased and unrelated – displayed symptoms such as diarrhoea, fever, nausea, and vomiting and were sent to an Ashanti district hospital.

Marburg is transmitted to people from fruit bats and spreads among humans through direct contact with the bodily fluids of infected people, surfaces and materials. Illness begins abruptly, with high fever, severe headache and malaise. Many patients develop severe haemorrhagic signs within seven days. Case fatality rates have varied from 24 per cent to 88 per cent in past outbreaks depending on virus strain and case management.

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Although there are no vaccines or antiviral treatments approved to treat the virus, supportive care – rehydration with oral or intravenous fluids – and treatment of specific symptoms, improves survival. A range of potential treatments, including blood products, immune therapies and drug therapies.
The United Nations body said preparations for a possible outbreak response were being set up swiftly as further investigations were underway.

“The health authorities are on the ground investigating the situation and preparing for a possible outbreak response. We are working closely with the country to ramp up detection, track contacts, be ready to control the spread of the virus,” said Dr Francis Kasolo, World Health Organisation Representative in Ghana.

“The WHO is deploying experts to support Ghana’s health authorities by bolstering disease surveillance, testing, tracing contacts, preparing to treat patients and working with communities to alert and educate them about the risks and dangers of the disease and to collaborate with the emergency response teams.

“If confirmed, the cases in Ghana would mark the second time Marburg has been detected in West Africa. Guinea confirmed a single case in an outbreak that was declared over on 16 September 2021, five weeks after the initial case was detected.

“Previous outbreaks and sporadic cases of Marburg in Africa have been reported in Angola, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, South Africa and Uganda,” the WHO’s press statement read in part.

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